Flower Induction
Flower induction is the physiological
process of the plant by which the plant has competency to produce floral buds or
flowers. This hormonal change occurs at the shoot apical meristem which
provides the signal to the apical meristem to produce floral bud instead of the
vegetative or leafy bud.
Plant which has already completed its juvenile period is capable for bearing flower. There are three processes involved in a reproductively mature plant before flowering. They are:
1. Flower
initiation- The plant has hormonal changes which gives signal for development
of floral primordial.
2. Floral evocation-
The processes occurs at the shoot apex which gives irreversible commitment for
development of flower organ.
3. Floral
differentiation- The differentiation of flower primordia. This phase is an irreversible phase as the chemical changes are already taken place.
There
are various factors which trigger the induction of flower like photoperiod,
thermoperiod, moisture and nutrient availability, cold treatment or
vernalization etc.
Florigen
is known as the flowering hormone which can be activated by gibberellic acid (GA) hence
GA is commonly used as flower inducing growth regulator.
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